# Plotting ECDF (empirical cumulative distribution frequencies) with R

I'm learning through doing here guys, so I hope this question is considered OK (I'll edit the question down as I go - I'll remove the intro etc).

I am trying to plot the empirical cumulative distribution Frequency of a data-set with 781 observations. The data-set looks like this:

(1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 17 17 17 19 19 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 23 23 ).

I use the following function in R (which I pulled from r-bloggers):

plot(ecdf(V1), verticals=TRUE, pch=46)


which produces the following graph:

EDIT =====

The graph plots the the actual observation on the x-axis and the percentage of observations on the y-axis.

slotishtype

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Well, your X-axis holds the actual value that occurred, so that is not information you want to lose (in fact, the Y axis is more indicative of the number of observations).

There are however ways to add additional axes. In your case, you could do something like this:

valsOfChoice<-seq(0,25, by=5) #at which x-es do you want to show the counts
cumnumAtVals<-sapply(valsOfChoice, function(vl){sum(V1<=vl)}) #calculate matching counts


Then after your plot, you can use:

axis(3, at=valsOfChoice, labels=cumnumAtVals)


to add a new axis to the top, holding the cumulative count in your dataset.

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 Thanks a million @Nick Sabbe, I now realise my mistake. I really want to be able to say that 50% of the population make up x amount of the culmative totals. So, I think I really should be using cumsum instead... So I did this "plot(cumsum(V1))", which gives me a different graph (one that makes a bit more sense). Thanks again for your help. – slotishtype Oct 12 '11 at 10:16

To be blunt, the plot you posted looks correct to me. Your data set hasn't been "reduced" to 25 variables - you only have values of the data up that far (technically only up to 23, but whose counting?). That's what that plot should show - as the value of your variable rises from 0 to 25, what percentage of the distribution is at that point or below. Your whole data is baked into the fact that the Y-axis goes from 0 to 1.

Basically, while you can plot what you're asking to plot, it's not so much a CDF at that point.

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 You're right, I realised my mistake when reading over nick's answer. I think I want a cumsum with percentages as opposed to a ECDF, but I am unsure of the difference. I'll edit my answer anyhow. – slotishtype Oct 12 '11 at 10:17 Might you be looking for a Density Plot, like what's covered here: statmethods.net/graphs/density.html ? – EpiGrad Oct 12 '11 at 10:26 I think I am looking at the wrong thing alright. This is a distribution of user activity in system we have. Each observation is a users activity in the last month. So user 1 submitted one post while user 781 submitted 23. I want to present simple ratios like 50% of users contributed 50% of posts (similar to pareto's rule (80/20) which is not observable here). It helps to give a simple and understandable breakdown of activity but I think I am getting a little confused between approaches. – slotishtype Oct 12 '11 at 10:35