# Tags

A tag is a keyword or label that categorizes your question with other, similar questions. Using the right tags makes it easier for others to find and answer your question.

 Type to find tags:
 modeling× 710 a formalization of relationships between variables in the form of mathematical equations. A statistical model describes how one or more random variables are related to one or mo… maximum-likelihood× 708 a method of estimating parameters of a statistical model by choosing the parameter value that optimizes the probability of observing the given sample. predictive-models× 675 statistical models whose primary purpose is to predict other observations of a system optimally, as opposed to models whose purpose is to test a particular hypothesis or explain … neural-networks× 673 Neural networks traditionally refer to a network or circuit of biological neurons. The modern usage of the term often refers to artificial neural networks (ANN), which are composed of artificial neuro… data-transformation× 658 Mathematical re-expression, often nonlinear, of data values. Data are often transformed either to meet the assumptions of a statistical model or to make the results of an analysis more interpretable. matlab× 647 a high-level language and interactive programming environment developed by MathWorks. It is the foundation for a number of other tools related to statistical analysis, including Statistics T… nonparametric× 607 Procedures that rely on relatively few assumptions about underlying probability distributions. survival× 602 concerned with modelling the time before subjects change state, typically time until death or failure. One key feature of such data is that they can be censored, that is, some sub… interaction× 600 A situation where the effect of an explanatory variable may depend on the value of another explanatory variable. model-selection× 595 a problem of judging which model from some set performs best. Popular methods include $R^2$, AIC and BIC criteria, test sets, and cross-validation. To some extent, feature selection… linear-model× 577 Refers to any model where the a random variable is related to one or more random variables by a function that is linear in a finite number of parameters. dataset× 575 Structured data files in any format, collected together with the documentation that explains their production or use. binomial× 567 The binomial distribution gives the frequencies of "successes" in a fixed number of independent "trials". Use this tag for questions about data that might be binomially distributed or for questions a… p-value× 567 In hypothesis testing, the $p$-value refers to the probability of seeing a result as extreme (or more so) than the one observed, given that the null hypothesis is true. When the $p$-value is small, th… poisson× 550 A discrete distribution defined on the non-negative integers that has the property that the mean is equal to the variance. econometrics× 545 a field of statistics dealing with applications to economics. standard-deviation× 542 the square root of the variance of a random variable, an estimator thereof, or a similar measure of the spread of a batch of data. stata× 533 a proprietary cross-platform general-purpose statistical software package. bootstrap× 531 a resampling method to estimate the sampling distribution of a statistic. mean× 527 The expected value of a random variable; or a location measure for a sample. feature-selection× 519 Methods and principles of selecting a subset of attributes for use in further modelling sample-size× 509 very ambiguous. Use it when the question is about sample size & the following are NOT more appropriate: [small-sample], [large-data], [power-analysis], [power], or [underdetermined]. references× 509 our generic tag for questions seeking information about books, papers, presentations, videos of lectures, on-line tutorials, etc., regarding any subject matter that is on-topic for Cro… interpretation× 508 Refers generally to making substantive conclusions from the results of a statistical analysis. optimization× 507 In statistics this refers to selecting an estimator of a parameter by maximizing or minimizing some function of the data. One very common example is choosing an estimator which maximizes the joint den… multiple-comparisons× 507 concerned about achieving intended power and size when more than one hypothesis test is performed. least-squares× 484 Refers to a general estimation technique that selects the parameter value to minimize the squared difference between two quantities, such as the observed value of a variable, and the expected value of… python× 475 Problems focusing on (but not necessarily limited to) using Python for statistical computation. random-forest× 466 a machine-learning classifier based on choosing random subsets of variables for each tree and using the most frequent tree output as the overall classification. conditional-probability× 460 The probability that an event A will occur, when another event B is known to occur or to have occurred. It is commonly denoted by P(A|B). arima× 454 Refers to the AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average model used in time series modeling both for data description and for forecasting. This model generalizes the ARMA model by including a term for d… experiment-design× 454 Experimental design, or design of experiments (DOE), is the design of any information-gathering exercises where variation is present. In statistics, controlled experiments are usually implied, which i… prediction× 424 concerned with assessing the probability of unknown values from known values and inferred relationships. survey× 417 collect a sample from a population. Surveying often refers to sampling of human populations and is primarily done by administering questionnaires or interviewing indivi… panel-data× 412 Panel data refers to multi-dimensional data frequently involving measurements over time in econometrics. It is also called longitudinal data in biostatistics. factor-analysis× 410 a data reduction technique which replaces inter-correlating variables by a smaller number of continuous latent variables called factors. The factors are believed to be responsible f…