Hypothesis test null hypothesis equality If we want to test whether the sample mean is at least 5 meters, how should we state the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis? Here is what I think:
H0: µ>=5
H1: µ<5
But when determining the p value, I will be looking at a left tail probability isn't it? It just feels weird. So is my H0 and H1 correct?
 A: You do not want to take H0 as µ>5 because it can't yield assumptions that allows you to draw a distribution to test it. This is the point of null hypothesis testing. Only H0:µ=5 allows you to do that. Moreover, in null hypothesis testing, you want to reject H0 (not accept it), then in any case µ>5 was the wrong way to go.
More precisely, I would advocate for :


*

*H0 : µ=5

*H1 : µ>5

*You look at the right tail of your z-distribution under H0 (in order to reject H0 to the benefit of H1).

A: Using the usual test statistic based on $H_0\colon\{\mu = 5\}$ and setting either $H_0\colon\{\mu \geq 5\}$ or $H_0\colon\{\mu = 5\}$ does not change anything to the significance level of test, defined as 
$$\max_{\mu \in H_0}\,\Pr(\text{reject } H_0 \mid \mu),$$
because this $\max$ is attained for $\mu=5$. This is expected: if you have evidence that $\mu \geq 5$ is not true then a fortiori you have evidence that $\mu \geq 6$ is not true. 
About the $p$-value, I don't know whether there is a consensual definition allowing for the case of non-"sharp" hypotheses. But we could use a $\max$ too.  
