# Calculating P-Value of a Z-Score without using Z-Table [duplicate]

I couldn't find any videos or documentation that shows how to calculate p-value of a z-score without using z-table. Isn't it possible or is it that hard?

I know i can use scipy to get that information but how can we calculate without needing them?

## marked as duplicate by whuber♦Sep 9 at 18:46

Certainly it's possible. After all, people need to calculate the tables in the first place.

Recall the definition of a $$p$$ value. Given a value $$z$$, the $$p$$ value is defined as the tail probability of the standard normal distribution beyond $$z$$:

$$p \equiv \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\int_z^\infty e^{-x^2}\,dx.$$

This is an improper integral that needs to be numerically evaluated. Or, more precisely, approximated.

• Stephan thank you. But is there a python code for this equation? I'm not that great with mathematical formulas :) – Don Coder Sep 9 at 17:40
• I don't speak Python, sorry. You might want to look through the "Python" and "normal-distribution" tags at SO. Most of which will likely point you at scipy. You might want to post a question there and explain why you don't want to use scipy. – S. Kolassa - Reinstate Monica Sep 9 at 18:22