# is there a formula for an innovation outlier regressor in time series intervention analysis

For an innovative outlier, the equations I got from a paper by Tsay, http://docplayer.net/12080848-Outliers-level-shifts-and-variance-changes-in-time-series.html, are these:

$$y_t = f(t) +z(t)\\ f(t) = w_0 \frac{\theta(B)}{\phi(B)}\epsilon_t^d\\ \epsilon_t^d = \begin{array}{cc} \{ & \begin{array}{cc} 1 & t = d \\ 0 & t \neq d \end{array} \end{array}$$

and, $$\frac{\theta(B)}{\phi(B)}$$ are polynomials in a backshift operator, representing an arma model for a time series $$z(t)$$, while $$y_t$$ is a new time series with the innovation taken into account.

I am trying to figure out how to work this into a regressor for different values of $$\frac{\theta(B)}{\phi(B)}$$.

For example, I tried to work out this simple case, but it is a ton of work.

if $$\frac{\theta(B)}{\phi(B)} = \frac{1}{1-\phi_1B - \phi_2B^2}$$:

$$y_t = \frac{w_0 \epsilon_t ^ d}{1 - \phi_1B - \phi_2B ^ 2} + z_t\\ (1 - \phi_1 B - \phi_2 B ^ 2) y_t = w_0 \epsilon_t ^ d + (1-\phi_1 B - \phi_2 B ^ 2) z_t$$ case 1:

$$t < d \rightarrow y_d = z_d$$

case 2:

$$t = d : \\ y_d - \phi_1 y_{d - 1} - \phi_2 y_{d - 2} = w_0 \epsilon_d^d + (1-\phi_1 B - \phi_2 B ^ 2) z_t \rightarrow \\ \rightarrow y_d - \phi_1 z_{d - 1} - \phi_2 z_{d - 2} = w_0 + (1-\phi_1 B - \phi_2 B ^ 2) z_t \rightarrow \\ \rightarrow y_d = w_0 + z_d$$

case 3:

$$t = d + 1\\ y_{d + 1} - \phi_1 y_{d} - \phi_2 y_{d - 1} = w_0 + (1-\phi_1 B - \phi_2 B ^ 2) z_{d + 1} \rightarrow \\ \rightarrow y_{d+1} - \phi_1 (w_0 + z_d) - \phi_2 z_{d - 1} = (1-\phi_1 B - \phi_2 B ^ 2) z_{d + 1} \rightarrow \\ \rightarrow y_{d+1} = \phi_1 w_0 + z_{d+1}$$

case 4:

$$t = d + 2\\ y_{d + 2} - \phi_1 y_{d+1} - \phi_2 y_{d} = w_0 + (1-\phi_1 B - \phi_2 B ^ 2) z_{d + 2} \rightarrow \\ \rightarrow y_{d + 2} - \phi_1 (\phi_1 w_0 + z_{d+1}) - \phi_2 (w_0 + z_d) = (1-\phi_1 B - \phi_2 B ^ 2) z_{d + 2} \rightarrow \\ \rightarrow y_{d+2} = \phi_1 ^2 w_0 + \phi_2 w_0 + z_{d+2}$$

case 5:

$$t = d + 3 \rightarrow y_{d+3} = \phi_1 ^ 3 w_0 + 2 \phi_1 \phi_2 w_0 + z_{d+3}$$

case 6:

$$t = d + 4 \rightarrow y_{d+4} = \phi_1 ^ 4 w_0 + 3 \phi_1^2 \phi_2 w_0 + \phi_2 ^2 w_0 + z_{d+3}$$

My question is... is there some formula, where given any arma model $$\theta(B)$$ and $$\phi(B)$$, I can create a regressor with the terms solved above?

For example, in the above case I would have a regressor with $$0$$'s until $$t = d$$, and then the above terms :

$$[0, 0, ..., 0, 1, \phi_1, \phi_1 ^2 + \phi_2, \phi_1 ^ 3 + 2 \phi_1 \phi_2, \phi_1 ^ 4 + 3 \phi_1^2 \phi_2 + \phi_2 ^2, ...]$$

The idea here is that using this regressor, and knowledge of the ARMA terms, I could find $$w_0$$ with a linear regression.

Or, is there no real formula, and I just have to write something recursive in R?