Statistical test to assess significant difference in landcover selection I have GPS collar data that I have used to extract values to points through ArcGIS Pro on MODIS landcover data. From this, I have a record of the number of times the animal has been in each landcover class. My data looks like this:




Landcover
Selection Frequency




Evergreen
105


WoodySavanna
327


Savanna
30


Grassland
2


Croplands
2




It looks like there is a pattern of selection there so I am wondering what statistical test I can run to identify if there is a significant difference between the selection frequencies of the landcover classes.
Ideally would be running this in R.
 A: Your problem can be rephrased in terms of testing if the cell probabilities of a Multinomial distribution follow a given pattern.
In particular, given the sample $(X_1,\ldots,X_5)\sim \text{Mn}(466,\theta_1,\ldots,\theta_5)$ the problem is to test
$$H_0: \theta_1=\cdots=\theta_5=1/5$$ against
$$H_1:\theta_i\neq\theta_j\, \text{for at least one pair } i,j, \text{with } i\neq j.$$
Note that $466$ is the sum of cell counts.
There are several ways to implement this test, and in R the simplest way is perhaps this
counts = c(105, 327, 30, 2, 2)
expected = rep(1/5,5)
chisq.test(counts, p = expected)

A: I'm not sure that as stated you have enough information to formulate a meaningful hypothesis about "pattern of selection".
With the caveat that I'm not a biologist, I think it's relevant to know how much area is Evergreen, Woody Savanna, Savanna, Grassland, Croplands in the habitat where the animal lives. The multinomial test suggested by @utobi ignores this (unavailable?) information and the null hypothesis that the probabilities are all equal sounds unrealistic. Or at the very least, rejecting this null (and we know $H_0$ is rejected by looking at the counts) says little about the behavior of the animal.
To make this more concrete, I'll simplify a bit and assume that there are just two land cover categories: Woody Savanna and Croplands. It seems natural to expect that the animal avoids Croplands and prefers Woody Savanna. However, if the animal's territory is 99% Woody Savanna and 1% Croplands, we would expect to observe that the animal spends most of their time in Woody Savanna even if they don't have a preference for it over Croplands. (Or maybe the preference is expressed in what the territory the animal chooses to live in?)
This gets even more completed, I assume, when you consider competition from other animals.
