SVM mathematical background I try to get the basic understanding behing SVM algorithm, however I have a problem with basic mathematics.
I follow the lecture Support Vector Machine.

Suppose the two classes can be separated by a hyperplane:$(w \cdot x) + b = 0$

Acoording to wikipedia, hyperplane is defined as $n(r-r_0)=0$, does it mean that $b=-w \cdot r_0$?
I tried to consider 2-dimensional case, when $w \cdot x +b =0$ is a line, but it's completely doesn't make sense, $b=-w \cdot x$, where $b$ should be a constant, how can I generalize it to a 2 dimensional case.
In addition, why $w$ is actually orthogonal to the plus and minus plane?   
 A: suppose a plane (you can simplify it as a line too) w'*x + b = 0. If you take two vectors on the plane (it will be two points on the line) x1, and x2, since 
w'*x1 + b = 0
w'*x2 + b = 0

we get,
w'*(x1 - x2) = 0

which is the same form as wiki definition you provided. This vector production is actually the dot product, and equivalent to the projection of vector x1 - x2 on w. The projection is zero, indicating w is orthogonal to the plane.
A: take your hand as the plane, and a finger as the normal direction, then it should be clear that the plane is defined by two quantities, the direction of the normal and distance - how far your finger is planted in the plane. that distance is what b is representing.
so yes 
b=-n.r_0
b is the distance of the hyperplane to the origin (assuming n is unit length). So all points on the plane have the same "perpendicular distance" to the origin, and that's why you have a constant b , on the one side, and a seemingly varying quantity w.x on the other side. 
draw a plane, and a line joining the origin to any arbitrary point in the plane, together with the shortest line joining the origin to the plane (which is precisely the one that enters the plane at right angles). Then you can decompose all points on the plane as a vector from the origin to closest point on plane together with an orthogonal vector within the plane. So that distance from origin to closest point doesnt change and that is what is giving you b. 
