41 questions linked to/from Famous statistical quotations
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### Is there non-distribution (without any distribution rule) data?

My classmate told me: Any data in this world fit a kind of distribution I am just newbie in statistics.I just know normal,...
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### how to choose a transformation for left heavy tailed data due to arbitrary upper limit imposed by experimenter?

I have two vectors that look like this: I would like to make a significance test on the paired differences between the two vectors, as well as measure association. The process of data generation is "...
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### Famous data visualizations [duplicate]

I am looking for famous, historical, beautiful, impressive, or otherwise noteworthy visualizations based on statistical concepts. I think of examples along the lines of Florence Nightingale's ...
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### Is there an explanation for why there are so many natural phenomena that follow normal distribution?

I think this is a fascinating topic and I do not fully understand it. What law of physics makes so that so many natural phenomena have normal distribution? It would seem more intuitive that they would ...
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### Using MLE to determine parameters for QQ plot

I just started playing around with a credit fraud dataset that I found online. I noticed that one of the variables looked something like this: Hey, that looks like a 3 parameter log-normal ...
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### What is effect size… and why is it even useful?

I have an introductory-graduate-level statistics background (assume I know mathematical statistics and probability at an undergraduate level (e.g., Wackerly et al., Ross' Probability), and have some ...
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### What's the name for this statistical fallacy?

I was told an anecdote by someone today who was trying to prove a point regarding safety. They said "50 people have been living in [area a] for the past two years one year (apparently I remembered the ...
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### Significance in Longitudinal Data

I feel like this question has a very silly (simple) answer, so I apologize. I have a data set that only has 5 points 41.9 32.2 113.3 110.2 102.6 Clearly ...
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### Why do my p-values differ between logistic regression output, chi-squared test, and the confidence interval for the OR?

I have built a logistic regression where the outcome variable is being cured after receiving treatment (Cure vs. No Cure). All ...
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### Are all models useless? Is any exact model possible — or useful?

This question has been festering in my mind for over a month. The February 2015 issue of Amstat News contains an article by Berkeley Professor Mark van der Laan that scolds people for using inexact ...
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### How to describe statistics in one sentence?

When I first started learning statistics, procedures like the t-test, ANOVA, chi-squared and linear regression each appeared to be very different creatures. But now I realise these procedures each do ...
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### Using multiple comparisons corrections in Fisher p-value framework

I am wary of stepping into the civil war between Fisher vs Neyman-Pearson interpretations of $p$-value (which has been well elucidated here and here), but I've been pondering a question that I keep ...
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### How to test if my distribution is multimodal?

When I plot a histogram of my data, it has two peaks: Does that mean a potential multi-modal distribution? I ran the dip.test in R (...
### What really happens when we transform the data using $f(x) = \sin(\sqrt{x})$?
I need to perform a two-way ANOVA on my data ($Y$: sleeping hours). My data is quite normal $p$-value = $0.07$ with Shapiro-Wilk test but when I run the normality test for my residual, $p$-value is ...
Various hypothesis tests, such as the $\chi^{2}$ GOF test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Anderson-Darling, etc., follow this basic format: $H_0$: The data follow the given distribution. $H_1$: The data do not ...