287 views

### Using REML in mixed models if random factor is small [duplicate]

I'm trying to fit linear mixed models to 3 different DV (so three models). I understand that REML gives less biased variance estimates. As im more interested in the fixed effects, I use ML for the ...
117k views

### Intuitive explanation for dividing by $n-1$ when calculating standard deviation?

I was asked today in class why you divide the sum of square error by $n-1$ instead of with $n$, when calculating the standard deviation. I said I am not going to answer it in class (since I didn't ...
56k views

### Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) in layman terms

Could anyone explain to me in detail about maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) in layman's terms? I would like to know the underlying concept before going into mathematical derivation or equation.
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### What is “restricted maximum likelihood” and when should it be used?

I have read in the abstract of this paper that: "The maximum likelihood (ML) procedure of Hartley aud Rao is modified by adapting a transformation from Patterson and Thompson which partitions the ...
30k views

### REML or ML to compare two mixed effects models with differing fixed effects, but with the same random effect?

Background: Note: My dataset and r-code are included below text I wish to use AIC to compare two mixed effects models generated using the lme4 package in R. Each model has one fixed effect and one ...
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### Comparing the within-subject variance between two groups of subjects

If each subject has repeated a test multiple times, I am able to compute the mean and variance of their performance. (I am assuming the results to be normally distributed). 1) If it is the variance ...
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### R mixed models: lme, lmer or both? which one is relevant for my data and why?

I have a data obtained through forest inventory conducted yearly (1994-2015) in a West African country. 10 plots of equal sizes (1 ha each) were selected from unmanaged natural forest and then ...
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### When no model comparison, should I use REML vs ML?

I'm running LMM, and I will make no comparison of models. Could I ask which one should I use between REML and ML?
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### R: default correlation in nlme::lme

I just noticed that the default correlation of nlme::lme() is NULL. The explanation of argument for correlation is correlation: ... Defaults to NULL, corresponding to no within-group ...