Questions tagged [confirmatory-factor]
Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) is a set of multivariate techniques aimed at validating the relations between the observed variables, or indicators, and underlying latent variables, or factors, and is typically used to describe the underlying structure of psychological scales and other social science measurements.
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How should low factor loadings affect interpretation of the factor's correlation with another variable?
In a research project I am working on for university, I used 18 items to measure 4 variables. This measurement instrument has been validated in previous literature. I ran a factor analysis with 4 ...
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CFA Model Saturated, fit perfect
I am running a CFA with three items and one latent factor. My sample size is 900. Each item loads onto the factor between .64 and .89. Why is it saying fit is perfect? I have tried in both STATA and ...
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Dealing with reversed items that are causing poor CFA fit model: residuals-related problem
I am running a CFA model (N=500) with a total of 5 factors: 3 of them include reverse items.
I first run a reliability test psych::alpha(df_cronbach) which showed ...
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Controlling variance manually for a latent factor w/ only one manifest indicator using lavaan in R
Using lavaan in R, I'm trying to reproduce a CFA/SEM model from a publication (cf. Figure 1 of https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/desc.12202).
Below is the correlation table and std. dev....
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Are there any theory and tutorial on Diagonally weighted least squares?
I'm interested in learning about the Diagonally Weighted Least Squares (DWLS) method for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). I'm using lavaan package in R.
I ...
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Have the predicted factor scores in Lavaan been standardized? How can we transform them to the raw predicted values for latent variables?
My structural equation model built up in R could be shown as below, using Library Lavaan:
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Choosing a solution from Exploratory Factor Analysis
I have a survey with 337 responses to 31 questions (variables). All questions are on the 7 point Likert scale and I am trying to do a factor analysis.
First I tried doing Confirmatory Factor Analysis ...
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How to analyse Likert Scale with multiple product evaluations?
I'm getting lost on how to analyze my data. I've looked through many of the Likert data threads but couldn't find answer to my specific problem. So I'm desperately asking for help here.
The objective ...
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Can a latent variable be depdendent on another latent variables in Structural Equation Modelling?
I am not an expert in research and statistics, but I am reading several research papers and I see that researchers, when using Structural Equation Modelling, use latent variables that are dependent on ...
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Should I include latent construct for total score in CFA?
I need to validate factor structure for existing questionnaire that was translated to another language. Items of the questionnaire are organized into 3 subscales, say D1, D2 and D3. Total score, D, ...
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Interpretation of a negativ epc (Modification Indices with lavaan)
I developed a new survey (10 Items) and run a cfa with lavaan, but the fit isn't that good. To decide which Items I should delete or which error variances I should correlate, I looked at the ...
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Using CFA to assess dimensionality: to cut sample or to use full sample?
For my undergrad dissertation I'm assessing the unidimensionality of a 75-item questionnaire using PCA and CFA (because a secondary analysis requires this). The total sample is 1040 participants, ...
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Testing the fit of a 25-item one-factor model using CFA
I'd like to test the fit of a 14-item unidimensional model using CFA. This model was formed in a previous paper that did an EFA of an originally 75-item question (thereby reducing the questions down).
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Poor models from PCA and CFA
For my undergraduate dissertation I'm analysing a 75-item self-report questionnaire filled out by 1140 autistic participants (randomly split into two groups. I have split the sample and am carrying ...
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Match sample to equal men and women in factor analysis?
I have a sample of 1567 autistic participants (m = 925, f = 642) who all completed a 75 question questionnaire measuring 'Systemising' or the drive to understand systems/patterns.
For my ...
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principal components analysis versus confirmatory factor analysis
I need help answering questions for my advanced statistics course. Any direction on how to answer them or references which could help would be great!
What are the primary differences in using PCA and ...
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Family members in factor analysis
I'm carrying out an exploratory PCA, followed by an CFA, to test for dimensionality of a questionnaire. I am wondering about the effect of having family members in the same sample.
I have a final ...
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How can I model non-normal latent factors in a factor analysis or SEM?
We are running a confirmatory factor analysis (covariance-based SEM form) with three latent variables for around 900 companies. The input is around 20 variables: 5-6 are perfectly normally distributed ...
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SEM/MIMIC Model Using Covariates
I'm currently struggling with structural equation modeling. I have a model with three factors and would like to explore the impact of subject's sex and age on them.
How should I do it and ā more ...
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Is it wrong to discover the factors using EFA and then do CFA for compartive purpose on the same data set?
I have initially done EFA to extract the factors then conducted CFA to confirm those factors and secondly for the comparative purpose. Example factors that were extracted through EFA were further used ...
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R: Reliability in higher order models
when modeling the big five using a higher-order model with factors on the second order and facets on the first, how can I calculate reliability with McDonald's Ļ in R? Is it even necessary?
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Multilevel Confirmatory Factor Analysis in R
In this data set, there are 10 participants. There were 5 conditions and participants were exposed to each condition. After experiencing each condition they then answered 5 questions. They answered ...
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Why can exploratory factor analysis (EFA) suggest a single factor, yet a 1-factor confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model not fit?
I know I previously saw a thread on this topic, but I cannot locate it. So, please forgive my redundancy.
I have an 8-item questionnaire administered to a (small) sample of 59 patients. The data ...
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Is it possible to use Partial Least Squares-SEM with only one latent variable
I want to compute a Confirmatory Factor Analysis using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling. I have only one latent variable and 10 manifest variables....
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AVE and CR in JASP?
I'm new to the software JASP and need some help. Is it possible to calculate average variance extracted (AVE) and composite reliability (CR) in JASP? I need them in order to test validity and ...
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Correlated factors in cfa
I am a running a confirmatory factor analysis in r using the package lavaan. I am trying to measure a latent variable (e.g. time spent in exercise) in young adults and have 2 subjective measures and 3 ...
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Confirmatory factor analysis
I'm currently validating a french translation of a psychological questionnaire.
The original version is subdivided into two subscales. The 27 questions were answered on a Lickert scale (from 1 to 7).
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Lavaan in R : some estimated lv variances are negative (higher order model)
I'm trying to fit a higher order model with five correlated secondary order factors and 14 primary order factors, but I receive following warning in R using cfa() ...
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Difference in analysis between latent and observed variables in Mplus
I would like to ask what is the difference between the analysis being run on latent and observed variables in a full SEM being run in Mplus. I've been recommended to change the factors within the CFA ...
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Comparing two CFA models in AMOS (only 4 items per 1-2 factors)
I am trying to test in AMOS the discriminant validity of a 3-item measure (items "1, 2 and 3" against a 1-item measure "item Z" (both are Likert scale questionnaire instruments), by comparing whether ...
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Can you do CFA with non-survey data?
I have a dataset with countries as observations and 33 country-level continuous variables.
The information accompanying the dataset groups the 33 variables into 6 different 'categories', however I am ...
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Are these latent variables too highly correlated in this Structural Equation Model?
this is my first SEM I've done so I'm still getting my head around many of the concepts.
So I think I've created a hierarchical model of IQ (generaliq), with the latent variables: verbal_letter, ...
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CFA markers and latent variable's variance [closed]
In Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) we set a marker (regression weight = 1) to a randomly or not randomly chosen observed variable. I was wondering under which conditions or in which situation you ...
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Non-significant result in CFA model
I've fitted a one-factor model to data originating from a unidimensional 8-item scale; sample size is 400. Because the scale uses a Likert response format, and data does not follow a multivariate ...
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Obtain standardized factor scores for latent variables after CFA - Lavaan package in R
I want to predict the factor scores of latent variables from CFA, and use them as independent variables in another model (not SEM). Because the latent variables don't have a measurement unit, I want ...
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How to calculate composite score with a 2-factor scale
Suppose I have a scale with four items meant to measure, say, happiness. I ran a confirmatory factor analysis and the model fits well with two factors and let's say that the two factors are 1) ...
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What does it mean if EFA shows worse fit than conceptual CFA?
I'm in the middle of developing a psychometric scale and running a few factor analyses here and there.
I already have a theory in mind and the scale was developed with 4 factors. I ran a confirmatory ...
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How to interpret output of measurement invariance analysis
I try to test the measure invariance of a scale (with a 1-factor-structure) across two groups (N_1 = 645; N_2 = 127) and have problems with the application as well as the interpretation. I'm sure they'...
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Best choice of estimators in a CFA analysis without full dataset?
My team and I are working on an assignment that provided:
A model to be tested, consisting of 2 Factors explaining 6 variables; $F1$ would be explained by $X1, X2$ and $X3$, while $F2$ would be ...
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Normality test without knowing a sample's mean
I've been searching for a way to approach my problem.
This is a scenario from a Multivariate Statistics Assignment on Confirmatory Factor Analysis.
We've been given only a correlation matrix on 6 ...
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Multiple factor analysis: Getting more number of factors than the number of dimensions/ features
I am trying to apply multiple factor analysis on a survey data, which has all sorts of features - numerical, categorical and ordinal. In total, there are 109 features. Now, when I did multiple factor ...
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Partial least square
In the context of confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, & predictor space dimension reduction.
PLS is a supervised dimension reduction procedure, since it summarize the ...
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1answer
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Minimum value for Squared multiple correlations between items and factors
When building a CFA model, each of item that form a latent variable has its own squared multiple correlation coefficient or reability. Is there a minimum value for squared multiple correlations (R^2)? ...
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Reverse coding items: missing data + factor analysis
I have a data set which includes a number of variables which need to be reverse coded. I have already completed my missing data analysis, however did not reverse code the items prior to replacing the ...
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Measurement invariance using 3 items
I want to examine measurement invariance across two nationalities for a construct measured with 3 items. First one is supposed to examine the configural fit before examining more restrictive models. ...
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CFA: scaling of measured variables/indicators
I'm running a latent variable analysis with:
166 observations
21 continuous variables
using the R package lavaan
A simple run of ...
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Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Analysis
I am seeking to apply these methods to psychological questionnaire data. I have read up on the basics but I am curious - and this is not limited to just ECA/CFA, but what is the best method to look up ...
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Calculating a single Factor value against a table of variables
Ok here's a fun one...
We have to calculate a given referee's strength rating/appropriateness for refereeing a given game. The number we come up with has to be something meaningful, so it should be ...
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Multigroup Factor Analysis - Scale Validation
I have a questionnaire which comprises of several factors or constructs.
I gave the question to two groups and have received my answers back
I wanted to use MGFA to determine if my questionnaire was ...
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Do I estimate factor loadings in a confirmatory factor anlysis (CFA) aimed at verifying an exploratory factor analysis (EFA)?
I decided to use a questionnaire published by another researcher (paper and supplementary here).
In the article they perform an EFA, find two factors, and report the resulting factor loadings (...
