Questions tagged [psychometrics]
Psychometrics has evolved as a subfield of psychology to become the science of measurement of unobservable individual characteristics.
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Chi2 or Kruskal Wallis?
I have 3 different groups based on their level of resilience : low (n=60), moderate (n=35), high (n=10).
After a qualitative thematic analysis of their responses, different subjects emerged, like &...
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When using different groups of examinees to answer the same set of items, whether the item parameter should be invariant?
I am now doing a project to estimate the item parameters from the pharmacotherapy exams. Two groups of students from the same university answer the same set of items. From my understanding, the item ...
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Double bootstrap or 2 separated bootstraps to estimate the standard error?
I want to estimate the standard error of an estimate.
It depends on the rows and columns of a dataframe.
Two possibilities:
Make a bootstrap on the rows to estimate $se_{row}$.
Do the same with the ...
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Aligning scores between the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and The Brief Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (BITSEA)
I am currently conducting a longitudinal secondary data analysis. Due to the nature of the data that has previously been collected and my proposed analysis (Growth Mixture Modelling), I am needing to ...
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How to deal with missing data in DIF analysis?
I would like to do a DIF analysis on a scale
The problem is that I have missing data for 10 items for the focal group
The questionnaire in question exists in two forms: a 15 item version and a 25 item ...
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Closed form relationship between phi coefficient and tetrachoric correlation?
I am (1) generating bivariate normal deviates $(Y_1, Y_2)$ (2) dichotomizing one of the normal deviates according to quantiles of N(0,1) to yield the normal, binary pair $(Y_1, Y_2^*)$. I want to ...
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Is confirmatory factor analysis a way to validate a scale?
I am doing a translation and validation of a scale. I do not have any other measures, so I cannot do convergent/discriminant validity assessments. Is CFA enough to validate a scale, and if not what ...
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False positive correction categorical data
I am trying to understand how to correct for chance categorisation as either impaired/not impaired across a range of measures.
Briefly, I am looking to summarise prevalence statistics across ~40 ...
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Obtaining comparable scores across factors from factor analysis in R
I am looking for some help with factor analysis in R.
I ran a factor analysis using psych package and ended up with a four-factor model, which is fine. BUT...
I want to use the results in further ...
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Graded response model and generalized partial credit model show very different discrimination values. Which one to trust?
I have data from N = 265 people for some 7-point Likert-items that I would like to investigate. I am interested in selecting the best items for a scale. The items all load onto the same factor.
I have ...
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Sanity checking survival model
I have some basic statistics foundations (Lean Six Sigma, Industrial Engineering in College), but I'm completely new to survival analysis, and relatively new to Data Science. So I'm looking to sanity-...
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Confidence Interval for factor loadings of 2PL model
I estimated a 2PL model obtained for some dichotomous data presenting answers of 12 "yes/no" questions from about 200 individuals. Now I want to calculate the confidence intervals for the ...
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how can I assess internal consistency for an algorithmic classification?
Is there a way to assess internal consistency for an algorithmic classification based on a rating scale? Or other appropriate reliability metrics?
For instance, let's say that based on a 6-item, ...
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How to perform exploratory factor analysis with complex survey data for ordinal and dichotomous variables?
I would like to perform an exploratory factor analysis in R with complex sample survey data involving ordinal and dichotomous variables.
The svyfactanal() function ...
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Confirmatory factor analysis parameterization of the 2-PL item response model
For binary item response $i$ by person $j$, the 2-PL item response model is of the form:
$$Response_{ij} \sim Bernoulli(p_{ij})$$
$$logit(p_{ij}) \sim \alpha_i(\theta_j - \eta_i)$$
Usually, $\alpha_i$ ...
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Is it acceptable/common practice to report IRT theta scores as a percentile?
I have been teaching myself IRT. I think I get it, however, I've not yet reached a point where I would say that I'm totally confident.
In assuming that the latent trait is normally distributed with ...
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Can I summarize different forms of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) descriptively?
There are various forms of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) that differ in terms of their "model," "type," and "definition" (Koo & Li, 2016). So my question ...
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Classification Method with Small Data
I have the following problem. I have individual observations $y_i \in [0,1]$ on the response to an increasing stimulus called $x$.
The stimulus is discretized as $x^1, x^2, \ldots , x^n$. Let's use ...
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Is it correct to calculate Average Variance Extracted (AVE) and Composite Reliability (CR) using loadings from exploratory factor analysis?
In order to obtain evidence of convergence and discriminant validity of a scale, I used SPSS to run a Exploratory Factor Analysis; and used its loadings to calculate the Average Variance Extracted (...
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Factor analysis with multiple responses to a question
I have a data relating to a questionnaire that takes form of a knowledge test, in which each question has multiple correct responses and the respondents can check all responses they consider to be ...
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Which intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to use to verify the test-retest reliability of a questionnaire?
I want to check the test-retest reliability of a questionnaire.
-A total of 300 adolescents from the same school (10 classes) participated in the study.
-The instrument was applied in two moments with ...
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Analysing multiple-choice question with multiple answers
I recently ran an experiment with 4 conditions where participants got a multiple choice task to select words best describing a subjective sensation. Now I'm struggling to figure out which analytical ...
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Is this documentation for the R 'psych' package ICC() function incorrect?
I am not a statistician, but from my reading about various types of intraclass correlation measures, ICC(2,1) (Shrout and Fleiss nomenclature) is a measure of absolute agreement sensitive to additive ...
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What are typical approaches to express the reliability of a categorical scale?
I have categorical scales consisting of items with each three answer options: 1) very much; 2) somewhat; 3) never. What would be a suitable approach to express reliabilities for scales like this?
I am ...
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Psychometric test validation question
We are trying to validate a test for young children using IRT analyses (rasch/2pl). Models do not converge due to a floor effect. Teachers also took this assessment. Would it skew results if i ...
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Multiple Regression: Why is there range restriction in predicted values?
I have a built linear regression model whereby I have used scores on a personality survey to predict manager ratings of job performance. Both my predictor and outcome variables have a min and max ...
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When to use "fixed number of components" in a PCA
The question is relatively simple (and stupid maybe). When do I use a fixed number of components (especially in analyzing a questionnaire). Is it useful when I have literature to a validated scale/...
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Using Pearson Moment Correlation For Establishing Validity Between Two Questionnaires
I'm moderately new to psychometrics and test design, and I'm currently in the process of attempting to develop a questionnaire that measures soft skills (communication, collaboration, work ethic, ...
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I want to test for a significant difference in the result (t-value or effect size) of two paired t-tests
I am testing the quality of a measurement construct, where I propose that Measure A is better (i.e. more responsive to situational changes) than Measure B is.
I conduct a study in which I measure the ...
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IRT models for repetitive items
I'm looking for literature about IRT models that fit for tests in which items are presented for each examinee more than once and/or different questions are asked for the same item. For example, in the ...
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Valid 2nd order SEM with multiple dependent variables
I'm working on an SEM problem, and I could use some second opinions! The diagram below shows the proposed SEM model, where I have a 4 latent constructs which are estimated themselves from 2 second-...
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Showing that estimating $Y$ from $X$ via linear regression and estimating $X$ from $Y$ via linear regression are not invertible
This is a follow up to the question Regression on population values?.
In the theory of test equating (see, e.g., Test Equating, Scaling, and Linking by Kolen and Brennan (2014)), suppose we have a ...
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Regression on population values?
In the theory of test equating (see, e.g., Test Equating, Scaling, and Linking by Kolen and Brennan (2014)), suppose we have a group of examinees whom we randomly assign one of two exam forms, say ...
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What is the minimum acceptable correlation for creating a composite variable?
I have created a composite measure comprising two items (both 7-point Likert scale items), using the summed z score method. The correlation coefficient for these two items is 0.59. This seemed ...
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Assess overall question difficulty in Graded Response Model
I used graded response modelling (GRM) to assess the difficulty of items from a survey using a Likert scale from 1 to 5.
The results show the difficulty of each item (i.e., 1-5), for each question.
I ...
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Denotion of Cronbach's Alpha based on Polychorric Correlations
we assessed several 5 point Likert-Scale items in a questionnaire and are interested
in Cronbach's $\alpha$ for the internal consistency.
I recently read (here) that it can be more precise to used ...
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When and why should psychologists use ordered probit models rather than the general linear model?
Psychologists often use the general linear model with ordinal independent/dependent variables (i.e. Likert scales to measure 'levels' of a psychological trait. For example, assigning numbers to the ...
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How to assess agreement among measurement models (factor analysis) from multiple studies?
For a meta-analysis, I've been collating studies that apply factor analysis on likert-like scale surveys for a specific psychometric construct. The original speculation from source material is that ...
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Inclusion of a NA category in inter-rater agreement calculation
I have a dataset in which the behaviour of $n = 6$ subjects have been rated by $k = 84$ raters on an ordinal scale with 5 ordinal categories. The distances between the ordinal categories are not ...
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How can I compare the variance or correlation between ranked *single answer* polls?
I am an undergrad psych major examining the differences in personal preferences between the extremist website 4chan and other websites, which will represent the pop norm. I would like to test whether ...
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Bayesian Multiple Item Response Models?
I am trying to extend the ideas of item response theory to multiple responses. Consider a marketing survey, which asks customers, "what's the deciding factor in whether or not you purchase ...
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What is the role of non-anchor items when equating scales across studies using IRT?
I'm trying to use IRT to equate scales across 5 datasets.
Three of them use the same scale (A); the other ones use different ones (B and C)
There are items that overlap between A and C, A and B, but ...
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Are there supposed to be bounds on parameters in 2PL Item Response Theory models?
Recently I've been studying Item Response Theory (IRT) and have come across some issues with the application side of it. I currently have a dataset of ~200 respondents x 7405 questions (quite ...
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Do 1PL IRT models measure both ability and difficulty, or just difficulty?
I'm trying to better understand Item response Theory (IRT) from a Bayesian perspective. Hypothetically, suppose I want to use a 1PL model and my data is a binary matrix
...
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Is this an instance of convergent evidence?
In psychometrics, convergent validity is a source of proof for construct validity.
It is said that it is the degree to which test scores are correlated with test scores of relevant constructs or the ...
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IRT: What is enough information? And can a test provide too much?
I was wondering what makes for a good test information value in IRT, and came across this:
Reliability: Item and test information functions graphically reflect
how reliably the individual items and ...
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Non-independence of trial likelihoods in a staircase procedure?
In psychometrics,
we often want to know, for instance,
a given participants' perceptual threshold:
the intensity of a stimulus that they can detect 50% of the time.
It's common to use staircase ...
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Calculating Theta scores for identified subjects (using R package ltm) [closed]
I am using the R package ltm to calculate a 2PL IRT model.
goal:
creating a list of subjects IDs with the calculated Theta scores.
problem: ltm requires that the input includes only item scores, and ...
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What is the difference between Factor Analysis and Path Analysis in Structural Equation Modelling?
I am still a beginner in Structural Equation Modelling and I don't have a solid background in Statistics, so I apologize if my question is a bit naïve.
What I traditionally do when creating a ...
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Analyzing a partially crossed design
I have a data set from a test (see below). The scoring algorithm gives each item (item_id) a score (y) that is continuous from $...
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