Questions tagged [speech-recognition]
Automatic speech recognition (ASR) aims to identify words and phrases in spoken language and convert them to a machine-readable format.
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Comparing data with opposite distributions
What test can I use to compare whether the difference between the following sets of data are significant.
I know, I can just look at them, but I'd like it to be a bit more scientific than that. The ...
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Proven approaches for labeling audio data for training a speech-to-text model
To train a deep learning model, for converting speech to text, we need labeled data. How should this data be arranged?
I can think of several approaches, and I don't know which approach has already ...
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How does LSTM perform inference on untrimmed video or audio?
I am new to the concept of RNN and LSTM. The concept of LSTM gave me an impression that it performs inference step by step. If the input data is a video, it first consumes Frame(t-1), and then ...
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How to incorporate real-valued multi-observations into Hidden Markov Model?
I want to perform Voice Activity Detection (VAD) application which decides whether there exists human voice in the audio signal or not. I want to train a HMM using Baum-Welch algorithm. The states ...
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Approaches for semi-supervised fine-tuning after self-supervised pre-training
My understanding is that self-supervised learning approaches approximately work like the following (I have Wav2Vec 2 in my mind here, used in speech recognition, but NLP transformer models are similar)...
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Hidden Markov models in Speech Recognition
My first question here. So I am trying to build a sign language translator(from signs to text) and noticed that the problem itself is quite similar to speech recognition, so I started to research ...
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Why almost all neural speech processing involves Mel Spectrograms?
What are the reasons behind almost all speech processing whether it be generative or recognition heavily based on Mel Spectrograms?
In a conversation with a signal processing expert I was asked why ...
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How to decode an output from a phoneme recognition model?
I created a phoneme recognition model (based on a pre-embedding with Wav2vec, and some layers on top of it) that takes as input an audio signal, and outputs a softmax matrix of size $N \times C$, ...
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CTC Speech Recognition Model giving absurd results on actual recording
I have trained a speech recognition model which uses CTCLoss and is inspired from
https://www.assemblyai.com/blog/end-to-end-speech-recognition-pytorch
I trained it on the Librispeech Dataset (train-...
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Confusion about the derivative in CTC
I was going through the original CTC paper by Graves et al, I am still not getting how after taking the derivative of equation 14 we get equation 15 as shown below
I understand the part that we are ...
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Speech recognition (SVM) different signal lengths
I am developing a small project on speech recognition, the idea is to classify sound sources by Support Vector Machines. My dataset consists on 45 signals, however, they all have different lengths, ...
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Why does one need Google's WaveNet model to generate audio if it already takes audio as input?
I've spent a lot of time trying to understand the Google's WaveNet work (also used in their DeepVoice model), but still confused about some very basic aspects. I'm referring to this Tensorflow ...
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Mismatching dimensions of input/output in the WaveNet model for text-to-speech generation?
I have been trying to understand the model of how speech generation works, particularly in WaveNet model by Google. I was referring to the original WaveNet paper and this implementation:
I find the ...
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How are text-to-speech systems' spectrogram frames aligned for loss calculation?
A key aspect of how text-to-speech (TTS) machine-learning works is very unclear to me even after reading the Tacotron-2 paper and the Google AI blog.
https://ai.googleblog.com/2017/12/tacotron-2-...
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Aggregating LSTM subsequence output into full sequence
I have an n->n seq2seq LSTM that takes a sequence of length n and produces a sequence of length ...
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Speaker Recognition ML tasks are supervised or unsupervised?
Given the scenario:
We have a speech recording from an unknown person.
We have a speech recording from a known person.
We have a large database of speech recordings from different persons.
We would ...
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Question about Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) gradient
I have read the original CTC paper by Graves et al, but am confused about equation 16, for which the authors derive the gradient of the negative log likelihood objective with respect to the inputs of ...
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Interpolating speech from different speakers in trigger word detection
Trigger word detection aims to essentially identify the timestamp of a "trigger word" occurring in a chunk of audio. The approaches I have seen online, in particular, following along with Andrew Ng's ...
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Does speech recognition model training require transcript timestamps
I don't quite understand how a recurrent neural network or LSTM is trained for automatic speech transcription. Say I have n audio files of speech, each with an ...
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Method for detecting previously unseen class
Is there any common practice for detecting a new class, or data associated with an previously unseen event?
I'm doing some research into speech recognition, and I'm trying to detect when a speech ...
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Number of parameters of tacotron, deep voice, wavenet?
I have recently started to explore speech synthesis, and started reading some paper. I have implemented a dummy text to speech synthesis model too, it has around 92 million parameters.
Even though, ...
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k-means clustering issue voice data
I'm getting an issue in my k-means I don't know if it my data-set or what anything else.
Why i got thia flowing point in the right side of the image?
...
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When use CTC-loss for speech recognition?
I'm trying to understand and implement CTC-loss for speech recognition (here on SO). I'll like to have more information about the use cases of this technique.
From what i understood, it is more ...
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How do you evaluate/test accuracy of Text-to-Speech (TTS) models?
As the title implies...
For instance, for Machine Translation, we have BLEU.
For categorization, we have categorical crossentropy, for binary categorization, we have binary crossentropy, etc. etc.
...
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Streaming audio to neural network
I am trying to create a neural network that performs speaker recognition. I would like to be able to serve it such that it takes streaming audio - i.e. I want to perform partial recognition on 100ms ...
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Is there a keyword recognition system without learning the Phoneme
As I understand in speech processing and machine learning area "keyword recognition" (also termed as keyword spotting) is a important part. In "keyword recognition" sytem it is desired to learn a ...
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Deciding length of units in sound recognition for training HMMs
I am working on creating a method to detect changes from one song to another. Namely, I hope to use a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) in order to model a part of a song and check to see if it accurately ...
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Are e2e DL systems better than DNN-HMM models in speech recognition?
End-to-end deep learning systems for automatic speech recognition (ASR) have been around for a while now since Deep Speech (2014), but I noticed that DNN-HMM based methods are still performing well ...
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How to use GMMs for acoustic signal classification?
There are a number of applications of the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMMs) to acoustics/audio data for the purposes of classification; ex paper1 and ex paper2. GMMs ...
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How to create dataset for speech recognition using librosa [closed]
I loaded the audio using librosa and extracted mfcc feature of the audio. I now have array of shape (20,N). How do I feed this as input to LSTM to predict?
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WaveNet Global and local conditioning
WaveNet is a deep learning framework able to generate raw audio signal from a sequence like text sequence.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.03499
It is also possible to "imitate" in a way the voice of the ...
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Speech recognition - hangover scheme - voice activity detection
I am doing a voice activity detection challenge, and I am asked to add a hangover scheme to the model. I read about hangover schemes in different papers but I couldn't find a definition for this. What ...
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What is low rank linear layer in neural networks?
Going through the paper Convolutional Neural Network for Small-footprint Keyword Spotting. In the paper, authors have used low rank linear layer after convolution ...
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Verifying Time Warp
Time warp has been widely assumed in domain of speech processing. If $Xw(t)$ represents a time warped version of $X(t)$, then $Xw(t) = X(t-w(t))$ where $w(t)$ is an arbitrary function with a banded ...
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How does CTC work in Speech Recognition?
I have already read the 2006 Paper about CTC by Graves but I still don't understand it fully. I am searching for a simple but still detailed explanation of how "Connectionist Temporal Classification" (...
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RNN(LSTM) model fails to classify new speaker voice
I'm fairly new to ML and at the moment I'm trying to develop a model that can classify spoken digits (0-9) by extracting mfcc features from audio files.
My data ...
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Transfer learning for audio
I know that when working with images, what people normally do is download a big model trained with huge data and freeze most of the layers except the lasts ones to train them with their own data.
I'm ...
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Validation loss is less than training loss by 5 units. How this result is interpreted?
Iam training a Keras model for end-to-end speech recognition. I have my own dataset of speech containing about 400 wave files. Text transcriptions is also given as input. Model summary is:
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Adapt speech recognition for Shakespeare english
We need to be able to search the works of Shakespeare by voice. The way I see it, the goal is if I quote into the microphone:
"Yet but three come one more.
Two of both kinds make up four.
Ere ...
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Turkish speech recognition (speech->text) in Google Speech API? [closed]
Google's Speech API has audio speech to text capabilities in multiple languages. It supports Turkish too. That language is very interesting, it's so called agglutinative: you stick word parts one ...
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Word Error Rate over Data Set
In speech to text, one common metric is the word error rate (WER).
WER is the word-level Levenshtein distance, which is the minimum number of substitutions ($S$), deletions ($D$), and insertions ($...
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How to normalize text when computing the word error rate of a speech recognition system?
I am looking for a library, script or program that can normalize the transcribed and gold texts when computing the word error rate (WER) of an automated speech recognition system.
For example, if:
...
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Spot word in spoken sentence : advice needed
I have to make a live speech recognition program that can spot specific words in a spoken sentence. For now I have to recognize the words "yes" and "no".
I already trained Google's model and it ...
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How to prevent the creation of redundant mixtures while training a GMM?
I'm currently trying to train a GMM(UBM) with 1024 Gaussian mixtures for speaker verification.
However, after training the GMM, it appears that some mixtures are useless/redundant.
(little to no ...
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Keyword Spotting: How to train a model with general speech corpus?
I am trying to find a correct way to train a DNN based keyword spotting (Deep KWS) with general speech corpus (VS data) described in this paper (Chen, Guoguo, Carolina Parada, and Georg Heigold. "...
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MFCCs and MoG-HMMs for speech recognition
BACKGROUND
MFCCs are coefficients which represent the most important parts of speech, and about 12 of them are used to model a one 512 points long frame (of speech). Along with them you would use ...
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Why is phase reconstruction considered hard
I am studying deep learning models for single channel speech separation.
I come across several recent methods:
Permutation Invariant Training
Deep Clustering
Deep Attractor Network
All of these ...
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Why has deep learning only shown decent results in the fields of computer vision and speech recognition? [closed]
We all know about the success of ImageNet, AlphaGo etc which used deep neural networks in computer vision, or the use of RNNs in Google Translate. But why are we not seeing similar advances in other ...
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Program to evaluate the output of a speech recognition system
I am looking for a library, script or program that can evaluate the output of a speech recognition system. The output of the speech recognition system is a simple text file, and I have the gold output ...
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how we input speech signal waveforms in two deep learning algorithms?
I am working with deep learning algorithms like CNN and RNN.I always wonder what is the best way to input wave form type data in to the deep learning algo. I know there are methods like wavelet or mel ...