# All Questions

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### Questions about distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM)

I am new to DLNM, I have some confused questions: My research is about the environmental impact on health, and my data records are ordered as health cases as below: I want to use DLNM to analyze the ...
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### Estimator when a coin is either fair or has two heads

Suppose that $X_1,\dots,X_n$ are independent and identically distibuted such that $X_1\sim\text{Bernoulli}(\theta)$. If $\theta\in\{1/2,1\}$, find the maximum likelihood estimator of $\theta$. Show ...
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### In GLIM, how do I understand “the link maps mu to the entire real line, from −∞ to +∞”?

I always read in generalised linear model that the link function has to have a 1-1 correspondence from the range of mu to (-infinity, infinity). But, when we look at log link, for instance, it is not ...
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### For alpha = 0.05, the critical mean is equal to____ [closed]

H0: Population mean equal to 100. H1: population mean greater than 100. Population standard deviation equal to 10. Sample size equal to 100. Answers are either A)95, B)98.355, C)101.645, or D)105....
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### 96% CIs for EDFs in GAMs using mgcv

I have been using the mgcv package in R to conduct Generalised Additive Models. I've been using Noam Ross's excellent free course to guide me (thank you Dr Ross). https://noamross.github.io/gams-in-r-...
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### Can random effects be used in the spatial LGCP package (from JSS paper by Taylor et al. 2015)?

I am reading the excellent statistical software paper found here in this link. The paper is an R implementation of Log-Gaussian Cox processes for spatial point process applications. Whilst the ...
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### Why doesn't the entropy decrease with an increasing number of observations?

I'm trying to think more about entropy. I have the following toy example: Consider a coin flip. Case 1: I think p_h = 0.5 The entropy of this is 0.5 ln(0.5) x 2 = ln(0.5) Case 2: I don't know what p_h ...
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### Can the null hypothesis be **more** true than the alternative hypothesis or vice versa? [duplicate]

As the title says, my question is can the null hypothesis ($H_0$) be more true than the alternative hypothesis ($H_1$) or vice versa? For example, if the statistical power is really high (extremely ...
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### Can Granger causality be two ways?

If $X$ causes $Y$,$X \rightarrow Y$, as defined in Granger causality, is it possible that $Y \rightarrow X$? How can we prove if it is not possible? That is the relationship is one-directional.
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### Testing for differences between pooled biological samples

I am trying to test for differences in absorbance between a control and treatment group. Due to cost, each measurement is derived from the mixture of 5 independent samples. Overall there are 5 ...
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### Estimating standard deviation of underlying distribution

I need to estimate the standard deviation of an underlying normal distribution. I have the following statistics of one sample: mean, min and max, standard deviation, and sample size; however, I do not ...
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### BIC for mixed continuous and discrete paramameters

I am interested in doing a BIC analysis for models which have mixed continuous and discrete variables. To give a minimalistic example which captures the relevant structure, let $\theta\in\mathbb{R}^2$ ...
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### How does this mglearn library function works?

I am using a linear regression example where I load the dataset from mglearn library implemented as the following: ...
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### How to model binomial data when the dependent variable is LITERALLY dependent on the independent variable

I am designing an experiment where a subject makes a choice between two options ("low value" (LV) and "high value" (HV)). The subject will experience both options during a trial ...
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### Is this possible that $Cor(X, Y)=0.99$, $Cor(Y, Z)=0.99$ but $Cor(X, Z)=0$?

Let $X$, $Y$, and $Z$ are three random variables. Intuitively, I think that it is impossible to have $Cor(X, Y)=0.99$, $Cor(Y, Z)=0.99$ but $Cor(X, Z)=0$. My intuitive thought is that $X$ and $Z$ are ...
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### How do I scale a dichotomous variable for a prior in brms?

Lets say that I am predicting reaction time. Every subject responds to 100 trials of different flashes of light. I have two predictors: one is continuous (e.g., brightness of the light) and one is ...
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### NN and Output in two case, how this solution is reached? [closed]

I read my notes and get into stuck here. is there any idea how $5$ and $3$ is calculated here for option $1$ and option $2$?
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### Statistical modelling

I am pretty new to R. I have 2 general questions when it comes to modeling. What statistical model would be best to test whether there is a difference in weight between male and female (sexual ...
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### Unpooling standard deviation from a combined set and a subset

I do not have access to the original data set. AB: Overall mean: 149.41 sd: 89.13 N: 2284 B: ...
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### Overfitting or under-fitting. which one is the most common error that happens in classification tasks?

I have read many blogpost and articles about overfitting and underfitting, and I have, to some extent, understood what they exactly are, and different ways to overcome these two problems. However, I ...
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### What is a good way to find research with statistics data? [closed]

I'm searching for some researches for a study project , I'm looking for some researches that contains data bases or statistics data so i can apply my project on those researches , any practical way to ...
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### r quantreg - quantile regression with clustered standard errors

I fit a quantile regression using quantreg:::rq on clustered data. I use the Huber sandwich estimator to obtain cluster-corrected standard errors, which is ...
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### Building a score with logistic regression coefficients

I built an interest score for each individual in my database and wanted to have a second opinion on my methodology. We consider that an individual is considered as ‘interested’ when he has an open ...