To produce the probability $1/\pi$, the following algorithm can be used (Flajolet et al. 2010), which is based on a series expansion by Ramanujan: 1. Set $t$ to 0. 2. Flip two fair coins. If both show heads, add 1 to $t$ and repeat this step. Otherwise, go to step 3. 3. Flip two fair coins. If both show heads, add 1 to $t$ and repeat this step. Otherwise, go to step 4. 4. With probability 5/9, add 1 to $t$. (For example, generate a uniform random integer in [1, 9], and if that integer is 5 or less, add 1 to $t$.) 5. Flip a fair coin $2t$ times, and return 0 if heads showed more often than tails or vice versa. Do this step two more times. 6. Return 1. Then, run the algorithm above until you get 1, then let $X$ be the number of runs including the last. Then it holds that $\mathbb{E}[X] = \pi$. Note that the algorithm doesn't involve fractions at all. See also: https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/4189867/obtaining-irrational-probabilities REFERENCES: - Flajolet, P., Pelletier, M., Soria, M., "[On Buffon machines and numbers](https://arxiv.org/pdf/0906.5560.pdf)", arXiv:0906.5560 [math.PR], 2010.