A good cheatsheet is the one in Max Kuhn book [Applied Predictive Modeling][1].  In the book there is a good summary table of several ML learning models. The table is in appendix A page 549:

[![Table A.1: A summary of models and some of their characteristics][2]][2]


  [1]: https://www.amazon.com/Applied-Predictive-Modeling-Max-Kuhn/dp/1461468485?SubscriptionId=0ENGV10E9K9QDNSJ5C82&tag=apm0a-20&linkCode=xm2&camp=2025&creative=165953&creativeASIN=1461468485
  [2]: https://i.sstatic.net/NgC76.png