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Mixed (aka multilevel or hierarchical) models are linear models that include both fixed effects and random effects. They are used to model longitudinal or nested data.

2 votes

Mixed model in simple english

I will provide a short response that I believe will be helpful, but won't be detailed. I make use of mixed effects models (i.e. models with both fixed and random effects) when I believe the error in …
ndoogan's user avatar
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6 votes

Variance-covariance structure for random-effects in lme4

I can show this by example. Covariance terms are specified in the same formula as the fixed and random effects. Covariance terms are specified by the way the formula is written. For example: glmer( …
ndoogan's user avatar
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1 vote
0 answers
228 views

Intuition about Bias in LDV / DLM with Fixed or Random Effects

Problem I am failing to obtain an intuition for why estimates from a time series model that includes a lagged dependent variable as a predictor and random (or fixed) effects for individual units are …
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2 votes
Accepted

Mixed-effect logistic regression in R - questions

(1|RE) specifies that you want the intercept to vary randomly across levels of RE. You could also specify (1+IV1|RE) for example if you wanted the intercept and the slope for IV1 to vary randomly. Pe …
ndoogan's user avatar
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6 votes
Accepted

Correct interpretation of Lmer output

I address your interpretations 1 and 2 in order: 1) How you interpret factors depends on which level of the factor is the reference category. The fact that the model calls it Type2 suggests to me tha …
ndoogan's user avatar
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1 vote

How do I setup a model with hierarchical structure using lmer in R?

Preface There is a discrepancy in your output. You do not allow $TL$ slope to vary according to the output for model 2, which could explain the difference in AIC if that additional error term doesn't …
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3 votes

Big disagreement in the slope estimate when groups are treated as random vs. fixed in a mixe...

After considerable contemplation, I believe I have discovered my own answer. I believe an econometrician would define my independent variable to be endogenous and thus be correlated with both independ …
ndoogan's user avatar
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21 votes
2 answers
4k views

Big disagreement in the slope estimate when groups are treated as random vs. fixed in a mixe...

I understand that we use random effects (or mixed effects) models when we believe that some model parameter(s) vary randomly across some grouping factor. I have a desire to fit a model where the respo …
ndoogan's user avatar
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