A field of mathematics concerned with the study of finite dimensional vector spaces, including matrices and their manipulation, which are important in statistics.
Overview
Linear algebra is the field of mathematics concerned with the study of finite-dimensional vector spaces. Matrices and their manipulation, which form the algorithmic part of linear algebra, are particularly important in statistics.
References
The following are introductory references:
Elementary Linear Algebra with Supplemental Applications by Howard Anton and Chris Rorres.
Linear Algebra OpenCourseWare video lectures by Gilbert Strang (MIT).
A thread focused on linear algebra references useful for applied statistics is the following:
The following threads from math.se also have lists of references:
What is a good book to study linear algebra? (for more rigorous references)
Books for numerical linear algebra (for computationally oriented references)
