The three common normalizations are centering, scaling, and standardizing. With variable X:

Centering is Xi-MEANx. The resultant X will have mean=0.

Scaling is Xi/sqrt(SSx). The resultant X will have SS=1.

Standardizing is centering-then-scaling. The resultant X will have mean=0 and SS=1.

The three common normalizations are centering, scaling, and standardizing.

Let $X$ be a random variable.

Centering is $$x_i^* = x_i-\bar{x}.$$

The resultant $x^*$ will have $\bar{x^*}=0$.

Scaling is $$x_i^* = \frac{x_i}{\sqrt{(\sum_{i}{x_i^2})}}.$$

The resultant $x^*$ will have $\sum_{i}{{{x_i^*}}^2} = 1$.

Standardizing is centering-then-scaling. The resultant $x^*$ will have $\bar{x^*}=0$ and $\sum_{i}{{{x_i^*}}^2} = 1$.