Have a look at Thirteen Ways to Look at the Correlation CoefficientThirteen Ways to Look at the Correlation Coefficient - and especially ways 3, 4, 5 will be of most interest for you.
- Rodgers, J.L., & Nicewander, W.A. (1988). Thirteen ways to look at the correlation coefficient. The American Statistician, 42, 1, pp. 59-66.