Without any additional assumptions on $X$ and $Y$, it is not possible to deduce the covariance of the log knowing the initial covariance. In the other hand, if you were able to compute $Cov(X,Y)$$\mathrm{Cov}(X,Y)$ from $X$ and $Y$, what prevents you from calculating $Cov(log(X), log(Y))$$\mathrm{Cov}(\log(X), \log(Y))$ from $log(X)$$\log(X)$ and $log(Y)$$\log(Y)$ directly?