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Jun 30, 2021 at 13:28 vote accept user62421
Jun 26, 2021 at 2:58 comment added user62421 @whuber Thanks!
Jun 25, 2021 at 18:36 comment added whuber +1. The relevant concept is exchangeability, implied by the iid assumption. Because of that and linearity of conditional expectation, $$y = E[Y\mid Y=y] = E[X_1+X_2\mid X_1+X_2=y] = E[X_1\mid X_1+X_2=y] + E[X_2\mid X_1+X_2=y].$$ Since the two terms are equal (by exchangeability), each must equal $y/2,$ QED.
Jun 25, 2021 at 17:59 history edited user62421 CC BY-SA 4.0
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Jun 25, 2021 at 17:48 history answered user62421 CC BY-SA 4.0