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V.C.
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You may also see it this way: consider another Bernoulli RV $\Theta$ which is $0$ with probability $p$ and $1$ with probability $1-p$ (so $P(\Theta = 0) = p, P(\Theta = 1) = 1-p$). This variable selects either $X$ or $Y$ with the given probability $p$ and $1-p$. Then the PMF of $Z$ is $$P(Z = k) = P(X = k, \Theta = 0) + P(Y = k, \Theta = 1)$$ $$ = P(X=k)P(\Theta = 0) + P(Y = k)P(\Theta = 1)$$ due to the independence of the three RVs, so$\Theta$ from $X,Y$ so $$P(Z = k) = p P(X = k) + (1-p) P(Y = k)$$ The MGF is given by $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = \sum_{k \in \chi} e^{s k} P(Z = k) = \sum_{k} p e^{s k} P(X = k) + (1-p)e^{s k} P(Y = k)$$ where $\chi$ is the set of possible values of $Z$, so $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = p \mathbf{E}[e^{s X}] + (1-p) \mathbf{E}[e^{s Y}]$$

You may also see it this way: consider another Bernoulli RV $\Theta$ which is $0$ with probability $p$ and $1$ with probability $1-p$ (so $P(\Theta = 0) = p, P(\Theta = 1) = 1-p$). This variable selects either $X$ or $Y$ with the given probability $p$ and $1-p$. Then the PMF of $Z$ is $$P(Z = k) = P(X = k, \Theta = 0) + P(Y = k, \Theta = 1)$$ $$ = P(X=k)P(\Theta = 0) + P(Y = k)P(\Theta = 1)$$ due to the independence of the three RVs, so $$P(Z = k) = p P(X = k) + (1-p) P(Y = k)$$ The MGF is given by $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = \sum_{k \in \chi} e^{s k} P(Z = k) = \sum_{k} p e^{s k} P(X = k) + (1-p)e^{s k} P(Y = k)$$ where $\chi$ is the set of possible values of $Z$, so $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = p \mathbf{E}[e^{s X}] + (1-p) \mathbf{E}[e^{s Y}]$$

You may also see it this way: consider another Bernoulli RV $\Theta$ which is $0$ with probability $p$ and $1$ with probability $1-p$ (so $P(\Theta = 0) = p, P(\Theta = 1) = 1-p$). This variable selects either $X$ or $Y$ with the given probability $p$ and $1-p$. Then the PMF of $Z$ is $$P(Z = k) = P(X = k, \Theta = 0) + P(Y = k, \Theta = 1)$$ $$ = P(X=k)P(\Theta = 0) + P(Y = k)P(\Theta = 1)$$ due to the independence of $\Theta$ from $X,Y$ so $$P(Z = k) = p P(X = k) + (1-p) P(Y = k)$$ The MGF is given by $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = \sum_{k \in \chi} e^{s k} P(Z = k) = \sum_{k} p e^{s k} P(X = k) + (1-p)e^{s k} P(Y = k)$$ where $\chi$ is the set of possible values of $Z$, so $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = p \mathbf{E}[e^{s X}] + (1-p) \mathbf{E}[e^{s Y}]$$

corrected notation in the expectation formula, replacing $Z$ by $k$
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Dilip Sarwate
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You may also see it this way: consider another Bernoulli RV $\Theta$ which is $0$ with probability $p$ and $1$ with probability $1-p$ (so $P(\Theta = 0) = p, P(\Theta = 1) = 1-p$). This variable selects either $X$ or $Y$ with the given probability $p$ and $1-p$. Then the PMF of $Z$ is $$P(Z = k) = P(X = k, \Theta = 0) + P(Y = k, \Theta = 1)$$ $$ = P(X=k)P(\Theta = 0) + P(Y = k)P(\Theta = 1)$$ due to the independence of the three RVs, so $$P(Z = k) = p P(X = k) + (1-p) P(Y = k)$$ The MGF is given by $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = \sum_{k \in \chi} e^{s Z} P(Z = k) = \sum_{k} p e^{s X} P(X = k) + (1-p)e^{s Y} P(Y = k)$$$$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = \sum_{k \in \chi} e^{s k} P(Z = k) = \sum_{k} p e^{s k} P(X = k) + (1-p)e^{s k} P(Y = k)$$ where $\chi$ is the set of possible values of $Z$, so $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = p \mathbf{E}[e^{s X}] + (1-p) \mathbf{E}[e^{s Y}]$$

You may also see it this way: consider another Bernoulli RV $\Theta$ which is $0$ with probability $p$ and $1$ with probability $1-p$ (so $P(\Theta = 0) = p, P(\Theta = 1) = 1-p$). This variable selects either $X$ or $Y$ with the given probability $p$ and $1-p$. Then the PMF of $Z$ is $$P(Z = k) = P(X = k, \Theta = 0) + P(Y = k, \Theta = 1)$$ $$ = P(X=k)P(\Theta = 0) + P(Y = k)P(\Theta = 1)$$ due to the independence of the three RVs, so $$P(Z = k) = p P(X = k) + (1-p) P(Y = k)$$ The MGF is given by $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = \sum_{k \in \chi} e^{s Z} P(Z = k) = \sum_{k} p e^{s X} P(X = k) + (1-p)e^{s Y} P(Y = k)$$ where $\chi$ is the set of possible values of $Z$, so $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = p \mathbf{E}[e^{s X}] + (1-p) \mathbf{E}[e^{s Y}]$$

You may also see it this way: consider another Bernoulli RV $\Theta$ which is $0$ with probability $p$ and $1$ with probability $1-p$ (so $P(\Theta = 0) = p, P(\Theta = 1) = 1-p$). This variable selects either $X$ or $Y$ with the given probability $p$ and $1-p$. Then the PMF of $Z$ is $$P(Z = k) = P(X = k, \Theta = 0) + P(Y = k, \Theta = 1)$$ $$ = P(X=k)P(\Theta = 0) + P(Y = k)P(\Theta = 1)$$ due to the independence of the three RVs, so $$P(Z = k) = p P(X = k) + (1-p) P(Y = k)$$ The MGF is given by $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = \sum_{k \in \chi} e^{s k} P(Z = k) = \sum_{k} p e^{s k} P(X = k) + (1-p)e^{s k} P(Y = k)$$ where $\chi$ is the set of possible values of $Z$, so $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = p \mathbf{E}[e^{s X}] + (1-p) \mathbf{E}[e^{s Y}]$$

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V.C.
  • 43
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You may also see it this way: consider another Bernoulli RV $\Theta$ which is $0$ with probability $p$ and $1$ with probability $1-p$ (so $P(\Theta = 0) = p, P(\Theta = 1) = 1-p$). This variable selects either $X$ or $Y$ with the given probability $p$ and $1-p$. Then the PMF of $Z$ is $$P(Z = k) = P(X = k, \Theta = 0) + P(Y = k, \Theta = 1)$$ $$ = P(X=k)P(\Theta = 0) + P(Y = k)P(\Theta = 1)$$ due to the independence of the three RVs, so $$P(Z = k) = p P(X = k) + (1-p) P(Y = k)$$ The MGF is given by $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = \sum_{k \in \chi} e^{s Z} P(Z = k) = \sum_{k} p e^{s X} P(X = k) + (1-p)e^{s Y} P(Y = k)$$ where $\chi$ is the set of possible values of $Z$, so $$\mathbf{E}[e^{s Z}] = p \mathbf{E}[e^{s X}] + (1-p) \mathbf{E}[e^{s Y}]$$