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I read everywhere that repeated measures ANOVA is inferior to mixed modelling (since it doesn't handle missing data as well and relies on sphericity assumption). G*Power doesn't tell you how to compute sample sizes for linear mixed models. Should I just do the calculation for RM-ANOVA and go with that number?

My study is: one group takes drug A, another drug B (blinded), surveys with a few continuous questions are given at 5 follow up appointments.

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In general, because designs in which linear mixed models are to be used can be complex, it is better to work with a simulation-based approach rather than to rely on specific formulas. If you happen to work in R, you can have a look at the powerlmm package that facilitates this.

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  • $\begingroup$ Wow thanks! Not sure why I couldn't find that on google before. Also I just realized I have your book next to me on my desk :) $\endgroup$
    – StatsNTats
    Commented Oct 24, 2018 at 19:38
  • $\begingroup$ I just realized there are a few parameters that it's very difficult (basically impossible) for me to make guesses for (variance of the random slopes, within subject variance) when running the simulation. What do people usually do in this situation? I'm thinking of telling them to choose a time point that they are most interested in and then doing a more simple calculation for a t.test of means or simple regression (response ~ baseline value + group). Or just trying to find some similar study. $\endgroup$
    – StatsNTats
    Commented Oct 25, 2018 at 20:28
  • $\begingroup$ Yes, it typically helps if you have some pilot data from which you can estimate all these parameters. If not, then either you can do as you suggested but then the sample size calculation is not for the longitudinal effect or you could present the results under different logical values for these parameters. $\endgroup$
    – Dimitris Rizopoulos
    Commented Oct 26, 2018 at 8:37
  • $\begingroup$ That package has been Archived: "Package ‘powerlmm’ was removed from the CRAN repository. Formerly available versions can be obtained from the archive. Archived on 2021-06-07 as check problems were not corrected in time. A summary of the most recent check results can be obtained from the check results archive. Please use the canonical form CRAN.R-project.org/package=powerlmm to link to this page." $\endgroup$
    – DWin
    Commented Sep 17 at 21:46

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