2
$\begingroup$

This is a homework question. I think I have the correct answer, but I am not sure. Also, the wording sounds very awkward. Is there a better way to show this (or better way to word this)?

Let $X_1,\ldots,X_n$ be a random sample from $f_\theta(x)$, where $f_\theta(x)$ is a continuous density with support $[\theta,\infty)$. Show that the minimum converges in distribution to $\theta$, i.e. $X_{(1)}\overset{P}{\longrightarrow}\theta$.

MY ATTEMPT:

The distribution function is $F(x)=\int_\theta^x f_\theta(t)dt$. Now we find the distribution function of the minimum\begin{align*} 1-F_{X_{(1)}}(x) &= P(X_{(1)} > x) \\ &= P(X_1>x,\ldots, X_n>x)\\ &= P(X_1>x)^n\\ &= (1-F(x))^n\\ F_{X_{(1)}}(x) &= 1-\left(1-\int_\theta^x f_\theta(t)dt\right)^n \end{align*} For $x< \theta, F(x)=0$ so therefore $F_{X_{(1)}}(x) = 1-(1-0)^n=0$ for all $n$. For $x\geq \theta$ suppose that $F(x) = c$ where $0\leq c \leq 1$. Now we have $$\lim_{n\to\infty} F_{X_{(1)}}(x) =\lim_{n\to\infty} 1-(1-F(x))^n = \lim_{n\to\infty} 1-(1-c)^n = 1$$ Therefore $$ F_{X_{(1)}}(x) \longrightarrow G(x) = \left\{ \begin{array}{l l} 1 & \quad \text{if $x\geq \theta$}\\ 0 & \quad \text{if $x < \theta$} \end{array} \right.$$ This is a distribution function which puts all probability on one point, $\theta$. Therefore $X_{(1)}\overset{D}{\longrightarrow} \theta$, and since $\theta$ is a constant, $X_{(1)}\overset{P}{\longrightarrow}\theta$.

$\endgroup$
3
  • 2
    $\begingroup$ The key ideas are all clearly displayed. There is a tiny (but interesting) error, though: your conclusion can be false when $x=\theta$. For instance, let $f_\theta(x)=(x-\theta)/2$ for $\theta\le x\le\theta+2$ and $f_\theta(x)=0$ otherwise. Then $F(\theta)=0,$ implying the limiting value of $F_{X_{[1]}}(x)$ is $0$, not $1$. This is interesting because it highlights the importance of invoking the definition of support somewhere in the proof and because it reveals the nature of the convergence is a tiny bit trickier than you might think. $\endgroup$
    – whuber
    Commented Nov 12, 2013 at 13:35
  • $\begingroup$ Hmm, is your example not excluded by the assumption that the support of $f$ is $[\theta,\infty)$? $\endgroup$
    – bdeonovic
    Commented Nov 12, 2013 at 18:30
  • $\begingroup$ The right endpoint makes no difference to the limiting distribution of the minimum. If you prefer, use $f_\theta(x) = (x-\theta)\exp(\theta-x)$ when $x\ge \theta.$ $\endgroup$
    – whuber
    Commented Nov 12, 2013 at 19:15

0

Your Answer

By clicking “Post Your Answer”, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge you have read our privacy policy.

Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.