Dice (singular: die) are typically small cubical objects marked with spots, numbers (1-6 usually) or symbols to generate random outcomes, particularly in games. Other polyhedral dice are also used in games.
Dice (singular: die) are typically small cubical objects marked with spots, numbers (1-6 usually) or symbols to generate random outcomes, particularly in games.
Other polyhedral dice are also used in games, and may have 4,8,10,12,20 or many other numbers of faces. When dice have some unusual number of faces, a common notation places the number of faces after the letter "d", so "d12" means a die with 12 faces.
Usually dice are constructed such that (via symmetry considerations) each face has an equal probability of occurring; for example, Platonic solids (e.g. d12), Catalan solids (/Archimedean duals, e.g. d30), trapezohedra (suitable for dice with 4k+2 sides, e.g. d10) and dipyramids (suitable for dice with 4k sides, e.g. d16) are all used as fair dice.
Dice used in games are often used in combinations where many dice are rolled at once; their values may be summed, or other calculations performed on the numbers (such as counting the number faces with a particular outcome that are rolled, for example)
Dice are often used as probability models, when sampling with replacement, usually with equally likely outcomes, by contrast with urns and cards when sampling without replacement.
You would use this tag when asking statistical or probability questions about dice, such as the probability of certain outcomes or when asking about testing dice for fairness.
Reference: Wikipedia Dice
