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Hypothesis testing assesses whether data are inconsistent with a given hypothesis (usually a null hypothesis of no effect).

1 vote

Multiple testing problem - can these test results be caused by chance?

There is a whole body of statistical method to deal with Multiplicity. This entails using various types of ANOVAs (depending on your hypothesis testing framework) and numerous related Post Hoc tests …
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2 votes
Accepted

What do you think is the best goodness of fit test?

I have been told many times that the Anderson Darling (AD) test is much better than the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) one because AD does a better job at fitting the tails of the distribution. KS is only g …
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12 votes

Statistical test for a value being significantly further from the population mean: is it a Z...

You raise an interesting question. First thing first, if you have an observation of 0.35, a mean of 0.25, and a standard deviation of 1/10^7 (that's how I interpret your e^-7 bit) you really don't ne …
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11 votes
3 answers
795 views

How to detect which one is the better study when they give you conflicting results?

You so often come across in the press various studies that conclude directionally opposite results. Those can be related to the testing of a new prescription drug or the merit of a specific nutrient …
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-4 votes
Accepted

Validity of t-test, Welch's t-test and Mann-Whitney U test

Yes, I think all three mentioned tests will give you valid information regarding the difference in average stock returns. The t-test is already pretty good because it relies on the t distribution t …
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1 vote

What are the differences between parametric and non-parametric statistical tests?

Parametric most often means that a test assumes the tested variables are Normally distributed. Such tests often use regular nominal values, and look at differences in Averages. Non-parametric tests …
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4 votes

Significance of $r^2$ value

First, no model is perfect unless it is over-fit. So, your false positive rate is not unusual. Is a false positive rate of 16% good or bad? If it is lower than the natural proportion in the data it …
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2 votes

Comparison of the tails of two sample distributions

The Chi Square test (Goodness-of-Fit test) will be very good at comparing the tails of two distributions since it is structured to compare two distributions by buckets of values (graphically represent …
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1 vote

Should I use the t-test or the Wilcoxon rank sum test given these qqplots and Shapiro-Wilk s...

You nicely answered your own question. None of the four samples come anywhere near being Normally distributed, especially in the tails which is where distribution deviation most often occurs. It is …
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7 votes
1 answer
320 views

Can you use the paired t-test in what seems like an unpaired t-test situation?

I came across a situation where a large retailer is testing a new retail program. It selected specific pilot retail stores to test this program. Next, it selected a control group of retail stores so …
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1 vote

How do I interpret the results of this SPSS paired samples t test?

The first table tells you that the pre- and post-average test scores are radically different. The hypothesis you test is that they are indeed different. Such scores are so different as not needing s …
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-1 votes

Why there's never a good reason to use the Jarque-Bera test

I would argue the opposite... and that as far as tests for Normal distributions are concerned, Jarque-Bera is the most transparent and explicit since it captures a combination of Skewness and Kurtosis …
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24 votes
1 answer
8k views

Why use ANOVA at all instead of jumping straight into post-hoc or planned comparisons tests?

Looking at a between-groups ANOVA situation, what do you get by actually doing such an ANOVA test first, and second do post-hoc (Bonferroni, Šidák, etc.) or planned comparisons tests? Why not skip the …
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1 vote
1 answer
2k views

Could I use Tukey's HSD test as a post-hoc test for a within-groups ANOVA test?

I understand Tukey's HSD is the most common post-hoc test for between-groups ANOVA. It appears some do not recommend or select it as a post-hoc test for within-groups ANOVA. Instead, they prefer Bonf …
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7 votes

Motivation for Kolmogorov distance between distributions

I can't give you additional reasons to use the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. But, I can give you an important reason not to use it. It does not fit the tail of the distribution well. In this regard, a s …
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